Write a linear equation from a slope and a point

If you know a line's slope and just one point it passes through, you have enough information to write its equation. This is a powerful tool for modeling linear relationships in the real world.

Do this: Read the concept below, then try the quiz or activity.

Lesson 104 of 188
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Concept

The most common form of a linear equation is the slope-intercept form: y = mx + b.
*   m is the slope.
*   b is the y-intercept (the point where the line crosses the y-axis).

To write an equation from a slope and a point, you need to find the value of 'b'.

The Plug-in Method

1. Start with the slope-intercept formula: y = mx + b. 2. Plug in the slope (m) and the coordinates of the given point (x, y). 3. Solve the resulting equation for 'b'. 4. Write the final equation with the values for m and b.

Example: Write the equation for a line that has a slope of 2 and passes through the point (3, 7).

1.  Start with the formula: y = mx + b
2.  Plug in the values: We know m = 2, x = 3, and y = 7.
    *   7 = 2(3) + b
3.  Solve for b:
    *   7 = 6 + b
    *   Subtract 6 from both sides: 7 - 6 = b
    *   b = 1
4.  Write the final equation: Now we know m = 2 and b = 1.
    *   y = 2x + 1
Point-Slope Form (An Alternative Method)
Another useful form of a linear equation is the point-slope form: y - y₁ = m(x - x₁) 
*   You just plug in the slope 'm' and the point (x₁, y₁).

Example (Same as above): slope = 2, point = (3, 7)

1.  Start with the formula: y - y₁ = m(x - x₁)
2.  Plug in the values: m = 2, x₁ = 3, y₁ = 7.
    *   y - 7 = 2(x - 3)
3.  (Optional) Convert to slope-intercept form:
    *   Distribute the 2: y - 7 = 2x - 6
    *   Add 7 to both sides: y = 2x + 1

Both methods give the same result!

Key Idea: Every point on a line is a solution to its equation. That's why you can plug in the x and y from any point on the line to help you find the missing piece of the equation (the y-intercept 'b').

Try it

Practice: Write a linear equation from a slope and a point.